What is Electronic Waste? The Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Regulations 2013 (“the Regulations”) became law in the UK on the 1st of January 2014 and replaced the 2006 Regulations. Equipment or devices used for communication like phones, landline phones, fax etc. Electronic waste or e-waste describes discarded electrical or electronic devices. If they are able to repair and refurbish the equipment, they then either sell it at a heavily discounted price or donate it to local schools. The toxic chemicals present in the e-waste releases into the atmosphere when it warms up. “However, there was no solution for what to do once these electronic and electrical products reached the end of their life. Electronic waste is discarded electronic or electrical equipment and devices. E-waste is electronic products that are unwanted, not working, and basically nearing or at the end of their “useful life.” Computers, televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, and fax machines are common e-waste products. Electronic waste E-waste is the result of obsolete electronic devices such as computers and mobile phones.  Electronics are full of valuable materials, including copper, tin, iron, aluminum, fossil fuels, titanium, gold, and silver. Producers have been made accountable for e-waste collection and e-waste exchange as well. In a report, Apple revealed that it recovered 2,204 pounds of gold —worth $40 million—from recycled iPhones, Macs, and iPads in 2015. With the environmental gains, the job creation and the income generation, I am pleased that Rwanda is now leading the region on e-waste.”. • Electronic Waste, also recognized as E‐Waste, is a combination of used or unwanted electronic products that have exceeded their shelf life. The first African country to ban plastic bags now has another notch to add to its environmental belt – a comprehensive approach to recycling and repurposing electronic waste. How can you help? The next step was to create legal instruments such as a law and regulations and adequate infrastructure to handle the increasing generation of e-waste,” Mbera said. “We keep records of where the waste comes from and whether the client has requested refurbishment or their data wiped,” Mbera said. Recycling is done for profit so the cheapest dismantling methods are used to extract the valuab… Highlights of the new E-waste Management Rules 2016: India’s Environment Ministry has notified rules targeting the wide range of groups like hotels, residential colonies, bulk producers of consumer goods, ports, railway stations, airports, and pilgrimage spots. This year, we are focused on increasing not only the number of collection centres to 30, but also raising awareness amongst the general public about where they can responsibly dispose of their e-waste,” Mbera said. A lot of care must be taken to prevent hazardous exposure in recycling operations. “The principle of a circular economy is to put all waste to use again. If you would like to reuse any material published here, please let us know by sending an email to EIF Communications: eifcommunications@wto.org. Generate databases on different categories of wastes generated viz hazardous, biomedical, municipal, electronic, plastic waste, etc. Electronic waste, also known as E-waste, is a major concern in today's modern world. Once the e-waste reaches their facility, it is separated, weighed and recorded. “According to the Consumer Electronics Association (CEA), consumers were expected to purchase 500 million units of consumer electronics in the US in 2008. By 2031, municipal solid waste is supposed to rise to 165 million tonnes and, if unprocessed, would require 1240 hectares of land for disposal. Hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it dangerous, or capable of having a harmful effect on human health and the environment. The application was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change in May 2016. Rwanda is among the few countries that have an electronic waste policy and regulations, and is the second in Africa to have a state-of-the-art e-waste dismantling and recycling facility. “So far we have sold or donated nearly 2,000 refurbished computers to schools,” Mbera said. EIF Coordinator Peter Donelan said of this work in Rwanda, “Often it is difficult to see the visible benefits of policy strengthening work, so it is great to actually see what has happened in Rwanda.”, “It was a number of years ago that EIF worked with the Government to get trade into its national development agenda, and that included helping with the creation of this e-waste policy. Electronic waste (e-waste) is generated from discarded mobile phones, computers, stereos and light bulbs, as well as large household appliances such as televisions, refrigerators, washing machines and air conditioners. Those who have not been managed properly, it can emerge as a major threat in the future. He added that COVID-19 has had a big impact on their work, delaying the establishment of collection centres throughout the country. This topic, ‘E-Waste’ is important for the IAS Exam as it comes under the UPSC Mains GS-III paper. Also, such provisions hold stakeholders responsible for e-waste pollution. Used electronics which are destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage recycling through material recovery, or disposal are also considered e-waste. “We are aiming to expand and become the first lithium battery recycling facility in Africa. Steps. It is a rapidly growing sub-sector due largely to the implementation of the original WEEE Directive in the UK by the WEEE Regulations 2006, With that came the associated requirements for the recovery, reuse, recycling and treatment of WEEE. EnviroServe Rwanda also offers a collection service for large organisations and companies, not only in Rwanda but also servicing companies in Uganda, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Burundi. The positive aspect of e-waste recycling is that you have quite a few recycling options. Informal or unorganized processing of e-waste particularly in developing nations can affect human health adversely and also cause pollution of the, This topic, ‘E-Waste’ is important for the. Informal or unorganized processing of e-waste particularly in developing nations can affect human health adversely and also cause pollution of the environment. A transition period of two to five years would be in place beyond which fines would be imposed as per the country’s Environment Minister. This is to ensure that the solid waste generated in their facilities is treated and recycled. As our population is increasing, our needs are also increasing due to which, the amount of E-waste is also increasing. 3. E-Waste or Electronic Waste is called nothing but the same electrical goods which we dump or discard after using it. As technological advancements continue, and companies adopt an “out with the old, in with the new” frame of mind in order to compete in their competitive industries, electronic waste has become a serious problem. Just three years ago, Mbera was overseeing the development and implementation of Rwanda’s e-waste management project in his role with Rwanda’s Ministry of Trade and Industry (MINICOM). Many visiting country delegations have been interested in the model that Rwanda has adopted for its e-waste recycling, and Mbera believes not only is it easily applicable to other countries, but it is also a good example for how the circular economy can work in Africa. Mobile phones, television, refrigerator, home appliances etc. It includes computers, consumer electronics, fridges etc which have been disposed of by their original users. The purpose of the web-based application is to better manage the waste. Implement the concept of paperless/ green office; Citizens can easily apply and get online permissions for import and export of certain categories of waste, which is for reuse or recycling or recovery or co-processing and ultimately to conserve our primary resource, It will make work related to web-based processing, generation, and grant of various types of certification/ permissions to the entrepreneurs and industries easier, Provisions of online applications along with supporting documents/annexure have been provided, The application will keep a track of the number of authorization/ certificates granted under consent to establish, or consent to operate. The recycling and disposal of such electronic waste involve great risk to the workers and communities in developing nations. Candidates can read about related topics linked below: The Environment, Forest, and Climate Change Ministry (MoEF&CC) have announced the E-Waste Management Rules 2016. E-waste is the leftover parts of electronics, especially computers, phones, and other machines, that are no longer useful. We are currently conducting a feasibility study with the support of MINICOM and the EU and hope to attract significant investment,” Mbera said. You can find more UPSC-related preparation materials and other articles with the links given in the table below: Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. Used electronics that are intended for reuse, salvage, resale, disposal, or recycling are also referred to as e-waste. “We crush the plastic into small pellets and this is sent to other industries to make new plastic materials such as chairs or construction material. - Olivier Mbera, EnviroServe Rwanda general manager, e-waste in Africa is predominately disposed through open dumping, burning and landfilling, Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0), Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Waste generated from the products used for data processing such as computers, computer devices like monitor, speakers, keyboards, printers etc. The electronics like monitors, televisions, cell phones, and other electronic devices come under this category. The applicants can keep a track of their online application submitted by them and can also check the status of their application. There are national e-waste policies for e-waste management. Key Points of E-waste Management Rules 2016: Approximately 62 million tonnes of waste are generated annually in India, of which only 11.9 million are treated, and around half i.e., 31 million tonnes are dumped in landfill sites. These policies help the e-waste collected and recycled. They are harmful to the environment because of the presence of harmful chemicals like brominated flame retardants and toxic heavy metals like mercury, cadmium, lead etc. the sphere of high technologies production, so the scale of electronics market becomes wider and spins up from day to day. You can find more UPSC-related preparation materials and other articles with the links given in the table below: Your Mobile number and Email id will not be published. This means you are welcome to adapt, copy and share it on your platforms with attribution to the source and author(s), but not for commercial purposes. Not only has the facility made great environmental gains, but it’s also created employment for more than 400 people. Electronic waste consists of electronic devices that are near or at the end of their useful life. Define Electronic Waste. Electronic scrap materials like CPUs consist of possibly harmful substances like lead, beryllium, cadmium, or brominated flame retardants. The new Regulations trans… Kitchen equipment (toasters, coffee makers, microwave ovens) Laboratory equipment** (hot … BAN is a non-profit organization of recycling companies which are dedicated to recycling e-waste in a safe and responsible way. Rapid technological innovation has made production All members have … Garbage management is the responsibility of municipal bodies, they would have the rights to charge user fees and levy spot fines for littering and non-segregation. In India, there are e-waste management rules 2016 that guide the e-waste management. When we dispose of gadgets and devices improperly, these hazardous materials have a high risk of polluting the air, contaminating soil, and leaching into water sources. Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) and other mercury-containing lamps have been brought under the purview of the rules. Electronic waste (e-waste) products have exhausted their utility value through either redundancy, replacement, or breakage and include both “white goods” such as refrigerators, washing machines, and microwaves and “brown goods” such as televisions, radios, computers, and cell phones. In addition, e-waste also encompasses items that can be e-cycled (electronics that are going to be reused, resold, salvaged, or recycled). ” Examples of discarded items that constitute e-waste include, but are not limited to, cell phones, televisions, computer processors and monitors, washing machines, dryers, refrigerators, laptops, keyboards, radios, printers, fax machines, toys, etc. Instead of throwing away your old or broken electronics--including VCRs, printers, and tablets--Reduce, repair, reuse, or recycle them. After consulting those involved in the sector, with support from the Enhanced Integrated Framework (EIF), the country approved an e-waste policy in 2016. It encompasses all broken, unusable, or outdated/obsolete electronic devices, components, and materials. | PowerPoint PPT presentation | … means a: computer; computer monitor; computer peripheral device containing a cathode ray tube; printer; or television sold to a covered entity. The new Rules make for stricter norms and are a part of the government’s increased commitment towards environmental governance. New Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. “We recognize that even with these measures we are not able to access all the e-waste in Rwanda so we work with general waste collection companies, training them to separate the e-waste and give it to us,” Mbera said. However, hazardous materials, such as cathode ray tube monitors, require special handling in disposal. Care must also be taken to prevent the leaking of harmful materials such as heavy metals from incinerator ashes and landfills. 2. – RCRA program defines wastes as materials that exhibit a characteristic of hazardous waste. Give Your Electronic Waste to a Certified E-Waste Recycler. Recycling of WEEE is a specialist part of the waste and recycling industry. 30000 industries out of 43000 industries dealing in hazardous waste have been mapped through this application, Enhanced transparency in the working of the Ministry and other Centre/State level regulatory bodies. You must also share it under the same CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. Generate database on waste generating/ processing industrial units under construction, or operation by consolidating the information regarding Consent to Establish, Consent to Operate and Authorization, import/export permission. For example, if you sparingly use industrial weighing scales for measuring, say, the weight of the electronic … As previously mentioned, technology seems to become all but obsolete only a … E-waste is any refuse created by discarded electronic devices and components as well as substances involved in their manufacture or use. “This was the baseline data we needed to be able to put in place proper infrastructure for sustainable e-waste management in Rwanda,” Mbera said. The electronic waste problem is huge: More than 48 million tons of e-waste are produced every year. Electronic waste is discarded electronic or electrical equipment and devices. “From collection to refurbishment to construction, so many jobs have been created to support the industries of the future,” Mbera said. The lead, zinc, barium etc, found in electronic waste tend to harm human health. 3. “Rwanda is setting a great example for other countries in Africa,” he added. E-waste materials may be valuable and recyclable, such as random access memory and reusable laptops. Electronic waste (e-waste) refers to the disposal of broken or obsolete electronic components and materials. An Ultimate Guide To Electronic Waste Data Destruction (1) - Electronic waste introduces all those discarded electronics that have become non-working. Most of the time, old devices are thrown away because they are outdated, and people do not know that the machines they throw away can … So, in 2008 Rwanda began policy discussions around how to manage its e-waste. • Computer equipment, monitors/TV’s, cell phones, batteries, stereos, etc. E-waste isneeds to be distinct from other forms of industrial waste chemically and physically; it contains both valuable and hazardous materials and causes harm to environment and human health whenwithout the use of special handling and recycling method are not used (Robinson 2009, p.184). These bars are being used in the construction of schools and new airport construction,” Mbera said. “E-waste”, “electronic waste”, “e-scrap” and “end-of-life electronics” are terms often used to describe used electronics that are nearing the end of their useful life, and are discarded, donated or given to a recycler. 1. The dismantling and recycling methods used in these countries are primitive at best. But used electronics also have a lot of inherent value that we don’t realize. Electronic Waste (e-waste)is one of the fastest growing segments of our nation’s waste stream. Sports equipment with electric or electronic components. from the storage and distribution of petrol and for certain shipments of waste, until 2011 for the sulphur content of certain fuels and the recovery and recycling of packaging waste, until 2012 for integrated pollution prevention and control, until 2014 for the landfilling of certain liquid wastes and for large combustion plants and until 2015 for urban waste water. All images - ©Rwanda Green Fund via Flickr Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0) license. “Last year we collected 3,000 tonnes of e-waste, which is 30% of the capacity of the facility. If we all just put a little more effort into waste management, we could achieve great things.”. The government and other private institutions had been renting warehouses to store all the e-waste, which was expensive and unsustainable. Used electronics that are intended for reuse, salvage, resale, disposal, or recycling are also referred to as e-waste. For more related topics be sure to visit the UPSC Syllabus page. Electronic waste, e-waste, e-scrap, or … E-waste. Electronic waste from equipment of all sizes includes dangerous chemicals like lead, cadmium, beryllium, mercury, and brominated flame retardants. Electronic waste (e-waste) is one of the fastest-growing pollution problems worldwide given the presence if a variety of toxic substances which can contaminate the environment and threaten human health, if disposal protocols are not meticulously managed. The recycling and disposal of such electronic waste involve great risk to the workers and communities in developing nations. The electronic waste problem is colossal, and it’s growing. These new rules replaced the earlier E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules of 2011. It includes CFLs or Compact Fluorescent Lamps as well as other lamps with mercury, and similar equipment. “Rwanda is among the few countries that have an electronic waste policy and regulations, and is the second in Africa to have a state-of-the-art e-waste dismantling and recycling facility,” said Olivier Mbera, country general manager of EnviroServe Rwanda, which runs the recycling facility. This electronic waste, or e-waste, can actually harm the environment not only by contributing to the overall solid waste in landfills, but by polluting soil and water with toxic chemicals. Electronic devices used for entertainment like TV, DVDs, and CD players. Currently, e-waste in Africa is predominately disposed through open dumping, burning and landfilling, but with heavy metals and other hazardous substances present in electronics, these methods have potentially serious implications for human health and the environment. An e-waste recycling facility was built in the eastern part of the country and is currently managed and operated by the private sector company EnviroServe Rwanda Green Park though a public-private partnership agreement with the Government of Rwanda. Electronic Waste Addressing the future Today By: Ahmed Shah & Tanveer Shaikh EEP 142 Spring 2008. You need to find an e-waste recycler who is officially certified by the Basel Action Network (BAN). The Rules for the first time, bring producers under the ambit of the. What do we do with piles and piles of discarded electronics? When e-waste goes into landfills, it puts our waterways, soil and air at risk because a lot of our consumer electronics such as TVs, phones and computers contain toxic materials or harmful chemicals like mercury, lead, or other heavy metals. If you put every blue whale alive today on one side of a scale and one year of US e-waste (6.9 million tons) on the other, the e-waste would be heavier. These new rules replaced the earlier E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules of 2011. Required fields are marked *, Request OTP on This article will hence talk in detail about E-waste and the E-Waste Management rules. Informal processing of e-waste in developing countries can lead to adverse human health effects and environmental pollution. The steel we recover from discarded items is processed into high quality iron bars by a facility next door to us. Lighting. This article will hence talk in detail about E-waste and the E-Waste Management rules. In 2016 alone, 44.7 million tonnes of e-waste were generated globally, of which 435 thousand tonnes were mobile phones,6 representing more than the mass of the Empire State Building.7 Just 20% of e-waste is documented to be collected and recycled under appropriate conditions, while E-waste is often looked at as a problem, but, as we have demonstrated, it is also a resource. 2. Electronic waste (e-waste) is generated from discarded mobile phones, computers, stereos and light bulbs, as well as large household appliances such as televisions, refrigerators, washing machines and air conditioners. A lot of care must be taken to prevent hazardous exposure in recycling operations. E-waste of about 50 million tons is being generated every year. Voice Call. E-waste is global. The discarded electronic and electrical equipment is called e-waste. All of the content on Trade for Development News is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) license. Electronic scrap materials like CPUs consist of possibly harmful substances like lead, beryllium, cadmium, or brominated flame retardants. The problem? Virtually all electronic waste contains some form of recyclable material which is why they may be considered obsolete to consumers, but still serve an important purpose. The rules on solid waste management have been amended after 16 years. 1. 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This has spurred the company to take their capacity a step further. This makes sense as our technology growth rate continues to accelerate exponentially. Refurbishers and Producer Responsibility Organizations. The following links will further help their candidates in their exam preparation: As India is the fifth largest E-waste producing country in the world, aspirants should know that E-waste is a term used for those electronic products which are near to the end of their useful life. A detailed inventory on e-waste generation was also conducted as part of the project, and it found that Rwanda had the potential to of generate 10,000-15,000 tonnes of e-waste per year. If the item is beyond repair, it is dismantled into different parts, valuable materials are recovered and hazardous materials are responsibly disposed of. The types of e-waste are listed down below: Electronic Waste – UPSC Notes:- Download PDF Here. Questions related to the E-Waste for UPSC, For more related topics be sure to visit the. E-waste Essay example 1309 Words | 6 Pages. E-waste is described as the are some of the examples of the e-waste. Old and discarded dump sites would have to be shut-down or bio-remedied within five years. As already mentioned, most electronic waste is sent to developing countries like China to be dismantled and dumped. Any views and opinions expressed on Trade for Development News are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect those of EIF. as it comes under the UPSC Mains GS-III paper. EnviroServe Rwanda currently has six collection points where members of the public can drop off their unwanted electronic goods, and is aiming for 30 by the end of the year  – one in each district of Rwanda and at border posts. E-waste management has become a major challenge facing many African countries because of lack of awareness, lack of environmental legislation and limited financial resources. Also, the Environment, Forest and Climate Change Ministry has announced the E-Waste Management Rules 2016. page. The application can also track the movement of hazardous waste and will also help in ensuring its proper management. The government wanted a solution that took a whole-of-life approach.”. Also, when e-waste meets the landfills, the toxic chemicals seep into the soil and water, leading to groundwater pollution that further impacts sea health and human health.
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